SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON D.C. 20549
FORM 8-K
CURRENT REPORT
PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE
SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
Date of Report (Date of earliest event reported): September 6, 2006
Casella Waste Systems, Inc.
(Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in Charter)
Delaware |
|
000-23211 |
|
03-0338873 |
(State or Other Jurisdiction |
|
(Commission |
|
(I.R.S. Employer |
of Incorporation) |
|
File Number) |
|
Identification No.) |
|
|
|
|
|
25 Greens Hill Lane |
|
|
||
Rutland, Vermont |
|
05701 |
||
(Address of Principal Executive Offices) |
|
(Zip Code) |
Registrants telephone number, including area code: (802) 775-0325
Not Applicable
(Former Name or Former Address, if Changed Since Last Report)
Check the appropriate box below if the Form 8-K filing is intended to simultaneously satisfy the filing obligation of the registrant under any of the following provisions:
o Written communications pursuant to Rule 425 under the Securities Act (17 CFR 230.425)
o Soliciting material pursuant to Rule 14a-12 under the Exchange Act (17 CFR 240.14a-12)
o Pre-commencement communications pursuant to Rule 14d-2(b) under the Exchange Act (17 CFR 240.14d-2(b))
o Pre-commencement communications pursuant to Rule 13e-4(c) under the Exchange Act (17 CFR 240.13e-4(c))
Item 2.02. Results of Operations and Financial Condition.
On September 6, 2006, Casella Waste Systems, Inc. announced its financial results for the first quarter of fiscal 2007, ended July 31, 2006. The full text of the press release issued in connection with the announcement is attached as Exhibit 99.1 to this Current Report on Form 8-K.
The information in this Form 8-K and the Exhibit attached hereto shall not be deemed filed for purposes of Section 18 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (the Exchange Act) or otherwise subject to the liabilities of that section, nor shall it be deemed incorporated by reference in any filing under the Securities Act of 1933 or the Exchange Act, except as expressly set forth by specific reference in such a filing.
Item 9.01. Financial Statements and Exhibits
(c) Exhibits
The following exhibit relating to Item 2.02 shall be deemed to be furnished, and not filed:
99.1 Press release dated September 6, 2006.
2
SIGNATURE
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, hereunto duly authorized.
Date: September 7, 2006 |
CASELLA WASTE SYSTEMS, INC. |
||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
By: |
/s/ Richard A. Norris |
|
|
|
Richard A. Norris |
|
|
|
Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer |
3
Exhibit Index
Exhibit No. |
|
Description |
|
|
|
99.1 |
|
Press release dated September 6, 2006. |
4
Exhibit 99.1
FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE
CASELLA WASTE SYSTEMS, INC. ANNOUNCES FIRST QUARTER FISCAL 2007 RESULTS; GIVES GUIDANCE FOR THE REMAINDER OF ITS FISCAL YEAR
RUTLAND, VERMONT (September 6, 2006) Casella Waste Systems, Inc. (NASDAQ: CWST), a regional, non-hazardous solid waste services company, today reported financial results for the first quarter of its 2007 fiscal year.
First Quarter Results
For the quarter ended July 31, 2006, the company reported revenues of $143.5 million versus $132.0 million for the same period in fiscal year 2006. The companys net loss per common share was $0.04, versus net income per common share of $0.09 for the same period a year ago. Operating income for the quarter was $8.7 million versus $13.0 million for the same quarter a year ago. Cash provided by operating activities in the quarter was $18.4 million versus $22.6 million in the first quarter last year. The companys earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization (EBITDA*) was $26.6 million* versus $29.1 million in the first quarter last year. As of July 31, 2006, the company had cash on hand of $6.7 million, and had an outstanding total debt level of $459.7 million.
Obviously, as we indicated during our pre-release in mid-August, we are disappointed in the companys performance this quarter, John W. Casella, chairman and chief executive officer, said. As we indicated in mid-August, these results reflect the cumulative impact of a number of factors, including historical record rainfalls affecting already-flat seasonal construction activity, as well as landfill maintenance costs, landfill volume pressures in our Massachusetts market, a drop in plastics commodities pricing, and additional and front-loaded general and administration expenses.
Business Update
The company pointed to positive trends in its business environment:
· in the companys market, the slower-growing northeastern U.S., solid waste pricing remains positive at nearly 2 percent, exclusive of the companys fuel surcharge, over the same quarter a year ago;
· the companys internalization rate was up 2.6 percent on a year-over-year basis, driven primarily by the Western region.
The company also said EBITDA* from its joint venture, US GreenFiber, increased $1.1 million, or 67.0 percent, on a year-over-year basis in Casella Waste Systems fiscal year first quarter.
The company also updated its guidance for its fiscal year 2007, which began May 1, 2006.
For the fiscal year 2007, the company believes that its results will be approximately in the following ranges:
· Revenues between $550.0 million and $570.0 million;
· EBITDA* between $113.0 million and $117.0 million;
· Capital expenditures between $100.0 million and $104.0 million; and
· Free cash flow between $(30.0) million and $(22.0) million.
The EBITDA forecast is based on estimated projections of net cash provided by operating activities of $80.0 million to $84.0 million, interest expense of approximately $39.5 million, depletion of landfill operating leases of $8.0 million, cash taxes of $2.5 million, and positive changes in other assets and liabilities of $4.0 million. Free cash flow of $(30.0) million to $(22.0) million is based on net cash provided by operating activities of $80.0 million to $84.0 million, less estimated capital expenditures of $100.0 million to $104.0 million and other balance sheet changes.
*Non-GAAP Financial Measures
In addition to disclosing financial results prepared in accordance with Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (GAAP), we also disclose free cash flow and earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization (EBITDA), which are non-GAAP measures.
These measures are provided because we understand that certain investors use this information when analyzing the financial position of the solid waste industry, including us. Historically, these measures have been key in comparing operating efficiency of publicly traded companies in the solid waste industry, and assist investors in measuring our ability to meet capital expenditure and working capital requirements. For these reasons we utilize these non- GAAP metrics to measure our performance at all levels. These measures do not represent, and should not be considered as alternatives to cash provided by operating activities as determined in accordance with GAAP. Moreover, these measures do not necessarily indicate whether cash flow will be sufficient for such items as working capital or capital expenditures, or to react to changes in our industry or to the economy generally. Because these measures are not calculated by all companies in the same fashion, they may not be comparable to similarly titled measures reported by other companies.
Casella Waste Systems, headquartered in Rutland, Vermont, provides solid waste management services consisting of collection, transfer, disposal and recycling services primarily in the eastern United States.
For further information, contact Richard Norris, chief financial officer; Ned Coletta, director of investor relations; or Joseph Fusco, vice president; at (802) 775-0325, or visit the companys website at http://www.casella.com.
The company will host a conference call to discuss these results on Thursday, September 7, 2006 at 10:00 a.m. ET. Individuals interested in participating in the call should dial (719) 457-2645 at least 10 minutes before start time. The call will also be webcast; to listen, participants should visit Casella Waste Systems website at http://www.casella.com and follow the appropriate link to the webcast. A replay of the call will be available by calling (719) 457-0820 (conference code #6374936) before 11:59 p.m. ET, Thursday, September 14, 2006, or by visiting the companys website.
Safe Harbor Statement
Certain matters discussed in this press release are forward-looking statements intended to qualify for the safe harbors from liability established by the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. These forward-looking statements can generally be identified as such by the context of the statements, including words such as the Company believes, expects, anticipates, plans, may, will, would, intends, estimates and other similar expressions, whether in the negative or affirmative. These forward-looking statements are based on current expectations, estimates, forecasts and projections about the industry and markets in which we operate and managements beliefs and assumptions. We cannot guarantee that we actually will achieve the plans, intentions or expectations disclosed in the forward-looking statements made. Such forward-looking statements, and all phases of our operations, involve a number of risks and uncertainties, any one or more of which could cause actual results to differ materially from those described in our forward-looking statements. Such risks and uncertainties include or relate to, among other things: we may be unable to make acquisitions and otherwise develop additional disposal capacity; we may be unable to reduce costs sufficiently to achieve estimated EBITDA* and other targets; anticipated revenue may not materialize; continuing weakness in general economic conditions and poor weather conditions may affect our revenues; we may be required to incur capital expenditures in excess of our estimates; and fluctuations in the commodity pricing of our recyclables may make it more difficult for us to predict our results of operations or meet our estimates. There are a number of other important risks and uncertainties that could cause our actual results to differ materially from those indicated by such forward-looking statements. These risks and uncertainties include, without limitation, those detailed in Item 1A, Risk Factors in our Form 10-K for the year ended April 30, 2006. We do not intend to update publicly any forward-looking statements whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise.
30
CASELLA WASTE SYSTEMS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
Unaudited
(In thousands, except amounts per share)
|
|
Three Months Ended |
|
||||
|
|
July 31, |
|
July 31, |
|
||
|
|
2005 |
|
2006 |
|
||
|
|
|
|
|
|
||
Revenues |
|
$ |
132,000 |
|
$ |
143,519 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
||
Operating expenses: |
|
|
|
|
|
||
Cost of operations |
|
85,686 |
|
95,735 |
|
||
General and administration |
|
17,218 |
|
21,179 |
|
||
Depreciation and amortization |
|
16,134 |
|
17,942 |
|
||
|
|
119,038 |
|
134,856 |
|
||
|
|
|
|
|
|
||
Operating income (1) |
|
12,962 |
|
8,663 |
|
||
|
|
|
|
|
|
||
Other expense/(income), net: |
|
|
|
|
|
||
Interest expense, net |
|
7,350 |
|
9,504 |
|
||
(Income) loss from equity method investments |
|
70 |
|
(123 |
) |
||
Other income (1) |
|
(48 |
) |
(55 |
) |
||
|
|
|
|
|
|
||
|
|
7,372 |
|
9,326 |
|
||
(Loss) income before income taxes |
|
5,590 |
|
(663 |
) |
||
(Benefit) provision for income taxes |
|
2,483 |
|
(610 |
) |
||
|
|
|
|
|
|
||
Net (loss) income |
|
3,107 |
|
(53 |
) |
||
|
|
|
|
|
|
||
Preferred stock dividend |
|
850 |
|
881 |
|
||
|
|
|
|
|
|
||
Net (loss) income available to common stockholders |
|
$ |
2,257 |
|
$ |
(934 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
||
Common stock and common stock equivalent shares outstanding, assuming full dilution |
|
25,218 |
|
25,236 |
|
||
|
|
|
|
|
|
||
Net (loss) income per common share |
|
$ |
0.09 |
|
$ |
(0.04 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
||
EBITDA (2) |
|
$ |
29,096 |
|
$ |
26,605 |
|
CASELLA WASTE SYSTEMS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
Unaudited
(In thousands)
|
|
April 30, |
|
July 31, |
|
||
|
|
2006 |
|
2006 |
|
||
|
|
|
|
|
|
||
ASSETS |
|
|
|
|
|
||
CURRENT ASSETS: |
|
|
|
|
|
||
Cash and cash equivalents |
|
$ |
7,429 |
|
$ |
6,667 |
|
Restricted cash |
|
72 |
|
72 |
|
||
Accounts receivable - trade, net of allowance for doubtful accounts |
|
56,269 |
|
61,368 |
|
||
Other current assets |
|
15,204 |
|
16,656 |
|
||
|
|
|
|
|
|
||
Total current assets |
|
78,974 |
|
84,763 |
|
||
|
|
|
|
|
|
||
Property, plant and equipment, net of accumulated depreciation |
|
481,284 |
|
494,951 |
|
||
Goodwill |
|
171,258 |
|
171,602 |
|
||
Intangible assets, net |
|
2,762 |
|
2,570 |
|
||
Restricted cash |
|
17,887 |
|
13,686 |
|
||
Investments in unconsolidated entities |
|
44,491 |
|
45,262 |
|
||
Other non-current assets |
|
14,455 |
|
14,050 |
|
||
|
|
|
|
|
|
||
|
|
$ |
811,111 |
|
$ |
826,884 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
||
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS EQUITY |
|
|
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
|
|
|
||
CURRENT LIABILITIES: |
|
|
|
|
|
||
Current maturities of long-term debt |
|
$ |
527 |
|
$ |
1,412 |
|
Current maturities of capital lease obligations |
|
1,061 |
|
1,080 |
|
||
Accounts payable |
|
46,364 |
|
46,309 |
|
||
Other accrued liabilities |
|
46,813 |
|
52,004 |
|
||
Total current liabilities |
|
94,765 |
|
100,805 |
|
||
|
|
|
|
|
|
||
Long-term debt, less current maturities |
|
452,720 |
|
460,512 |
|
||
Capital lease obligations, less current maturities |
|
1,747 |
|
1,477 |
|
||
Other long-term liabilities |
|
41,959 |
|
42,772 |
|
||
|
|
|
|
|
|
||
Series A redeemable, convertible preferred stock |
|
70,430 |
|
71,311 |
|
||
|
|
|
|
|
|
||
Stockholders equity |
|
149,490 |
|
150,007 |
|
||
|
|
|
|
|
|
||
|
|
$ |
811,111 |
|
$ |
826,884 |
|
CASELLA WASTE SYSTEMS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
Unaudited
(In thousands)
|
|
Three Months Ended |
|
||||
|
|
July 31, |
|
July 31, |
|
||
|
|
2005 |
|
2006 |
|
||
Cash Flows from Operating Activities: |
|
|
|
|
|
||
Net (loss) income |
|
$ |
3,107 |
|
$ |
(53 |
) |
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities - |
|
|
|
|
|
||
Depreciation and amortization |
|
16,134 |
|
17,942 |
|
||
Depletion of landfill operating lease obligations |
|
1,428 |
|
1,924 |
|
||
(Income) loss from equity method investments |
|
70 |
|
(123 |
) |
||
(Gain) loss on sale of equipment |
|
99 |
|
(256 |
) |
||
Stock-based compensation |
|
|
|
134 |
|
||
Excess tax benefit on the exercise of stock options |
|
|
|
(141 |
) |
||
Deferred income taxes |
|
1,721 |
|
(1,135 |
) |
||
Changes in assets and liabilities, net of effects of acquisitions and divestitures |
|
62 |
|
101 |
|
||
|
|
19,514 |
|
18,446 |
|
||
Net Cash Provided by Operating Activities |
|
22,621 |
|
18,393 |
|
||
Cash Flows from Investing Activities: |
|
|
|
|
|
||
Acquisitions, net of cash acquired |
|
(1,044 |
) |
(632 |
) |
||
Additions to property, plant and equipment - growth |
|
(14,941 |
) |
(8,487 |
) |
||
- maintenance |
|
(19,675 |
) |
(23,783 |
) |
||
Payments on landfill operating lease contracts |
|
(428 |
) |
(618 |
) |
||
Restricted cash from revenue bond issuance |
|
|
|
4,419 |
|
||
Other |
|
638 |
|
456 |
|
||
Net Cash Used In Investing Activities |
|
(35,450 |
) |
(28,645 |
) |
||
Cash Flows from Financing Activities: |
|
|
|
|
|
||
Proceeds from long-term borrowings |
|
35,955 |
|
139,200 |
|
||
Principal payments on long-term debt |
|
(24,931 |
) |
(130,751 |
) |
||
Proceeds from exercise of stock options |
|
|
|
900 |
|
||
Excess tax benefit on the exercise of stock options |
|
|
|
141 |
|
||
Net Cash Provided by Financing Activities |
|
11,024 |
|
9,490 |
|
||
Net decrease in cash and cash equivalents |
|
(1,805 |
) |
(762 |
) |
||
Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of period |
|
8,578 |
|
7,429 |
|
||
Cash and cash equivalents, end of period |
|
$ |
6,773 |
|
$ |
6,667 |
|
CASELLA WASTE SYSTEMS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Unaudited
(In thousands)
Note 1: Reclassifications
Effective May 1, 2006, the Company began recording (gain) loss on sale of equipment as a component of cost of operations. Previously this had been recorded as a component of other income. Accordingly, (gain) loss on sale of equipment for the three months ended July 31, 2005 has been reclassified to conform to current year presentation.
Note 2: Non - GAAP Financial Measures
In addition to disclosing financial results prepared in accordance with Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (GAAP), we also disclose EBITDA (earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization) and Free Cash Flow, which are non-GAAP measures.
These measures are provided because we understand that certain investors use this information when analyzing the financial position of the solid waste industry, including us. Historically, these measures have been key in comparing operating efficiency of publicly traded companies within the industry, and assist investors in measuring our ability to meet capital expenditure and working capital requirements. For these reasons, we utilize these non-GAAP metrics to measure our performance at all levels. These measures do not represent, and should not be considered as alternatives to net cash provided by operating activities as determined in accordance with GAAP. Moreover, these measures do not necessarily indicate whether cash flow will be sufficient for such items as working capital or capital expenditures, or to react to changes in our industry or to the economy generally. Because these measures are not calculated by all companies in the same fashion, they may not be comparable to similarly titled measures reported by other companies.
Following is a reconciliation of EBITDA to Net Cash Provided by Operating Activities:
|
Three Months Ended |
|
|||||
|
|
July 31, |
|
July 31, |
|
||
|
|
2005 |
|
2006 |
|
||
|
|
|
|
|
|
||
Net Cash Provided by Operating Activities |
|
$ |
22,621 |
|
$ |
18,393 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
||
Changes in assets and liabilities, net of effects of acquisitions and divestitures |
|
(62 |
) |
(101 |
) |
||
Deferred income taxes |
|
(1,721 |
) |
1,135 |
|
||
Stock-based compensation |
|
|
|
(134 |
) |
||
Excess tax benefit on the exercise of stock options |
|
|
|
141 |
|
||
(Benefit) provision for income taxes |
|
2,483 |
|
(610 |
) |
||
Interest expense, net |
|
7,350 |
|
9,504 |
|
||
Depletion of landfill operating lease obligations |
|
(1,428 |
) |
(1,924 |
) |
||
Gain (loss) on sale of equipment |
|
(99 |
) |
256 |
|
||
Other expense, net |
|
(48 |
) |
(55 |
) |
||
EBITDA |
|
$ |
29,096 |
|
$ |
26,605 |
|
Following is a reconciliation of Free Cash Flow to Net Cash Provided by Operating Activities:
|
Three Months Ended |
|
||||||
|
|
July 31, |
|
July 31, |
|
|||
|
|
2005 |
|
2006 |
|
|||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||
EBITDA |
|
$ |
29,096 |
|
$ |
26,605 |
|
|
Add (deduct): |
Cash interest |
|
(276 |
) |
(3,631 |
) |
||
|
Capital expenditures |
|
(34,616 |
) |
(32,270 |
) |
||
|
Cash taxes |
|
(528 |
) |
(656 |
) |
||
|
Depletion of landfill operating lease obligations |
|
1,428 |
|
1,924 |
|
||
|
Change in working capital, adjusted for non-cash items |
|
(6,795 |
) |
(4,609 |
) |
||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||
FREE CASH FLOW |
|
(11,691 |
) |
(12,637 |
) |
|||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||
Add (deduct): |
Capital expenditures |
|
34,616 |
|
32,270 |
|
||
|
Other |
|
(304 |
) |
(1,240 |
) |
||
Net Cash Provided by Operating Activities |
|
$ |
22,621 |
|
$ |
18,393 |
|
CASELLA WASTE SYSTEMS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
SUPPLEMENTAL DATA TABLES
(Unaudited)
(In thousands)
Amounts of the Companys total revenues attributable to services provided are as follows:
|
Three Months Ended |
|
|||||
|
|
2005 |
|
2006 |
|
||
Collection |
|
$ |
65,267 |
|
$ |
68,497 |
|
Landfill / disposal facilities |
|
23,263 |
|
28,376 |
|
||
Transfer |
|
11,649 |
|
12,309 |
|
||
Recycling |
|
31,821 |
|
34,337 |
|
||
Total revenues |
|
$ |
132,000 |
|
$ |
143,519 |
|
Components of revenue growth for the three months ended July 31, 2006 compared to the three months ended July 31, 2005:
|
Percentage |
|
||
Solid Waste Operations (1) |
Price |
|
3.0 |
% |
|
Volume |
|
-0.9 |
% |
|
Solid waste commodity price and volume |
|
0.3 |
% |
Total growth - Solid Waste Operations |
|
2.4 |
% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
FCR Operations (1) |
Price |
|
-1.0 |
% |
|
Volume |
|
4.3 |
% |
Total growth - FCR Operations |
|
3.3 |
% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Rollover effect of acquisitions (as a percentage of total revenues) |
|
5.6 |
% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Divestitures (as a percentage of total revenues) |
|
-0.4 |
% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total revenue growth |
|
8.7 |
% |
(1) - Calculated as a percentage of segment revenues.
Solid Waste Internalization Rates by Region:
|
Three Months Ended |
|
|||
|
|
2005 |
|
2006 |
|
North Eastern region |
|
60.5 |
% |
57.8 |
% |
South Eastern region |
|
41.9 |
% |
39.5 |
% |
Central region |
|
78.2 |
% |
79.0 |
% |
Western region |
|
41.2 |
% |
50.3 |
% |
Solid waste operations |
|
55.7 |
% |
58.3 |
% |
US GreenFiber (50% owned) Financial Statistics:
|
Three Months Ended |
|
|||||
|
|
2005 |
|
2006 |
|
||
Revenues |
|
$ |
31,599 |
|
$ |
44,396 |
|
Net Income (loss) |
|
(140 |
) |
515 |
|
||
Cash flow from operations |
|
4,504 |
|
8,179 |
|
||
Net working capital changes |
|
2,888 |
|
5,480 |
|
||
EBITDA |
|
$ |
1,616 |
|
$ |
2,699 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
||
As a percentage of revenue: |
|
|
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
|
|
|
||
Net income |
|
-0.4 |
% |
1.2 |
% |
||
EBITDA |
|
5.1 |
% |
6.1 |
% |
Components of Growth versus Maintenance Capital Expenditures (1):
|
Three Months Ended |
|
|||||
|
|
2005 |
|
2006 |
|
||
Growth Capital Expenditures: |
|
|
|
|
|
||
Landfill Development |
|
$ |
8,259 |
|
$ |
6,022 |
|
Boston MRF Building |
|
5,998 |
|
|
|
||
MRF Equipment Upgrades |
|
|
|
845 |
|
||
Other |
|
684 |
|
1,620 |
|
||
Total Growth Capital Expenditures |
|
14,941 |
|
8,487 |
|
||
|
|
|
|
|
|
||
Maintenance Capital Expenditures: |
|
|
|
|
|
||
Vehicles, Machinery / Equipment and Containers |
|
13,726 |
|
13,830 |
|
||
Landfill Construction & Equipment |
|
4,312 |
|
8,077 |
|
||
Facilities |
|
1,077 |
|
1,039 |
|
||
Other |
|
560 |
|
837 |
|
||
Total Maintenance Capital Expenditures |
|
19,675 |
|
23,783 |
|
||
|
|
|
|
|
|
||
Total Capital Expenditures |
|
$ |
34,616 |
|
$ |
32,270 |
|
(1) The Companys capital expenditures are broadly defined as pertaining to either growth or maintenance activities. Growth capital expenditures are defined as costs related to development of new airspace, permit expansions, new recycling contracts along with incremental costs of equipment and infrastructure added to further such activities. Growth capital expenditures include the cost of equipment added directly as a result of new business as well as expenditures associated with increasing infrastructure to increase throughput at transfer stations and recycling facilities. Growth capital expenditures also include those outlays associated with acquiring landfill operating leases, which do not meet the operating lease payment definition, but which were included as a commitment in the successful bid. Maintenance capital expenditures are defined as landfill cell construction costs not related to expansion airspace, costs for normal permit renewals and replacement costs for equipment due to age or obsolescence.